Pela Suécia

Há quem ainda por cá apresente a reforma educativa suceca dos anos 90 do século XX como uma espécie de farol para uma reforma educativa baseada numa alegada “liberdade de escolha”. No entanto, por lá, as coisas já mudaram há muito tempo perante a evidência das consequências negativas da falta de regulação. Em Portugal, há “especialistas” que ainda tentam vender este tipo de “reforma”, não por falta de informação, mas por voluntária desinformação da opinião pública. Nada que não lhes tenha sido dito, há muitos anos, quando o que escreviam já estava desactualizado.

‘It’s a political failure’: how Sweden’s celebrated schools system fell into crisis

International ratings have plummeted and inequality is growing after raft of changes including introduction of voucher system

Education in Sweden: I lost faith in the Swedish school system

Por isso, a cada nova vaga de pseudo “liberalismo” na Educação, tendo a contrapor factos, realidades objectivas à profissões de Fé.

CONCLUSIONS

Sweden’s school choice reform, which together with Chile’s voucher system is unparalleled internationally in its liberal market design, does not seem to have met the high expectations of its architects, i.e., that it would produce education of higher quality in both independent and public schools. The results from the only study that uses a convincing measure of quality, i.e., TIMSS (Böhlmark and Lindahl, 2015), are not impressive. The results of Swedish pupils in international knowledge achievement tests have declined, while domestic grades have increased. This suggests that (among other
contributing reasons for the deterioration of knowledge) school competition is taking place in other dimensions than educational quality, including grading and other material and hedonic rewards.

This hazardous behavior is facilitated by regulatory failure. Because of overconfidence in markets, the center-right government that enacted the school choice reform in 1992 did not deem it necessary to appropriately regulate school competition.

Through ill-conceived grading and curriculum reforms, the government instead paved the way for moral hazard. The succeeding Social-Democratic government did not take any major steps to reform the system to improve its functionality and thus protect basic social interests.

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